jukebox-software/database.py

135 lines
4.7 KiB
Python

"""This module contains functionality for interacting with a PostgreSQL database. It will automatically handle error
conditions (i.e. missing columns) without terminating the entire program. Use the :py:class:`DBConnector` class to
handle database interactions, either as a standalone object or in a context manager."""
from __future__ import annotations
import os
import psycopg2
from psycopg2 import DatabaseError, OperationalError
from psycopg2.errors import UndefinedColumn
DB_ADDRESS = os.getenv('DB_ADDRESS', 'localhost')
DB_PORT = os.getenv('DB_PORT', 5432)
DB_USER = os.getenv('DB_USER', 'postgres')
DB_PASSWORD = os.getenv('DB_PASSWORD', '')
DB_NAME = os.getenv('DB_NAME', 'postgres')
DB_TABLE = os.getenv('DB_TABLE', 'cables')
class DBConnector:
"""Context managed database class. Use with statements to automatically open and close the database connection, like
so:
.. code-block:: python
with DBConnector() as db:
db.read()
"""
def _db_start(self):
"""Setup the database connection and cursor."""
try:
self.conn = psycopg2.connect(
f"host={DB_ADDRESS} port={DB_PORT} dbname={DB_NAME} user={DB_USER} password={DB_PASSWORD}")
self.cur = self.conn.cursor()
except OperationalError as e:
raise e
def _db_stop(self):
"""Close the cursor and connection."""
self.cur.close()
self.conn.close()
def __init__(self):
self._db_start()
def __del__(self):
self._db_stop()
def __enter__(self):
self._db_start()
def __exit__(self):
self._db_stop()
def _get_cols(self) -> set[str]:
"""Get the list of columns in the database.
:return: A list of column names."""
query = f"select COLUMN_NAME from information_schema.columns where table_name={DB_TABLE}"
rows = {x["COLUMN_NAME"] for x in self._query(query)}
return rows
def _column_parity(self, columns: list[str] | set[str]) -> set[str]:
"""If the listed columns are not in the database, add them."""
cols = set(columns)
existing = self._get_cols()
needs = cols.difference(existing.intersection(cols))
query = f"ALTER TABLE {DB_TABLE} {', '.join([f'ADD COLUMN {c}' for c in needs])}"
self._query(query)
return self._get_cols()
def _query(self, sql) -> list[dict]:
"""Basic function for running queries.
:param sql: SQL query as plaintext.
:return: Results of the query, or an empty list if none."""
result = []
try:
self.cur.execute(sql)
result = self._read_dict()
except DatabaseError as e:
print(f"ERROR {e.pgcode}: {e.pgerror}\n"
f"Caused by query: {sql}")
finally:
return result
def _read_dict(self) -> list[dict]:
"""Read the cursor as a list of dictionaries. psycopg2 defaults to using a list of tuples, so we want to convert
each row into a dictionary before we return it."""
cols = [i.name for i in self.cur.description]
results = []
for row in self.cur:
row_dict = {}
for i in range(0, len(row)):
if row[i]:
row_dict = {**row_dict, cols[i]: row[i]}
results.append(row_dict)
return results
def read(self, **kwargs) -> list[dict]:
"""Read rows from a database that match the specified filters.
:param kwargs: Column constraints; i.e. what value to filter by in what column.
:returns: A list of dictionaries of all matching rows, or an empty list if no match."""
args = []
for kw in kwargs.keys():
args.append(f"{kw} ILIKE {kwargs['kw']}")
query = f"SELECT * FROM {DB_TABLE}"
if len(args) > 0:
query += f" WHERE {' AND '.join(args)}"
return self._query(query)
def write(self, **kwargs) -> dict:
"""Write a row to the database.
:param kwargs: Values to write for each database; specify each column separately!
:returns: The row you just added."""
values = []
for val in kwargs.keys():
values.append(kwargs[val])
query = f"INSERT INTO {DB_TABLE} ({', '.join(kwargs.keys())}) VALUES ({', '.join(values)})"
self._query(query)
return kwargs
def write_all(self, items: list[dict]) -> list[dict]:
"""Write multiple rows to the database.
:param items: Rows to write, as a list of dictionaries.
:returns: The rows that were added successfully."""
successes = []
for i in items:
res0 = self.write(**i)
if res0:
successes.append(res0)
return successes